Fuel-injector.



W. W. BROWN.

FUEL INJECTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 12. I914.

1,164,064. Patented Dec. 14, 1915.

5mm I WaZz fer W Brown @btomm ll? TE.

WALTER W. BROWN, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

FUEL-1N3 ECTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 14L, 1915.

Application filed March 12, 1914. Serial No. 824,146.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WALTER W. BRowN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Fuel-Injectors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to fuel injectors and consists in certain improvements in the construction thereof as will be hereinafter fully described and pointed out in the claims.

In injecting fuel into internal combustion engines such as the Dieseltype especially where there are multiple cylinders, it is often desirable to cut out some of the cylinders especially when running at very light loads. This may be done by cutting off the fuel from some of the cylinders but if the fuel alone is cut off a greater amount of air would be delivered to the cylinder than where fuel is also delivered in that the fuel retards the flow of air.

The object of the present invention is to automatically control the elements forming the combustible mixture by the pressure of one of them. As specifically shown, the fuel controls the air so that it is only necessary to shut oil the fuel and in consequence the air is automatically shut OE. With ordinary devices the air also goes through the injector during the starting movement and while this may not be enough to start the engine, it is enough to move it oif center and give trouble. One of the objects of the present invention is cut the air off from the cylinders through the injector except when fuel is injected for the normal operation of the engine.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing wherein a central section of the injector is shown.

1 marks the injector body, 2 the injector nozzle, 3 the valve controlling the admission of combustible mixture, 4 the stem leading from said valve, 5 the stufi'ing box through which the valve extends, 6 the follower for said stuffing box, 7 a slide to which the stem is attached, 8 a guide in which the slide is mounted, 10 an overhanging cap, and 9 a spring'exerting pressure on the slide 7 and Air and fuel are delivered to the nozzle I chamber 15. The passage 16 arranged in the body of the injector leads to the chamber 15 and the air is delivered to the chamber 15 through a passage 17. The passage 16 leads to a chamber 18 and the fuel inlet passage 19 leads to the chamber 18 from the fuel pipe 20. The piston 21 is arranged in the chamber 18 and is adapted to actuate a slide valve 22 which operates over the passage 16 at its entrance to the chamber 18. The valve is held to its seat by a spring 23 which is arranged between the valve and a pro ection 24 extending from the piston 21. The projection 24: terminates in a shoulder 25 which is adapted to engage the valve 22 so as to lift it and uncover the passage 16 when the piston is forced upwardly by the fuel pressure.

The passage 17 leads to the chamber 18 above the piston 21. The chamber 26 is arranged above the chamber 18. The passage 27 leads to the chamber 26 from the air pipe 28. The valve 29 operating on the seat 30 controls the passage of air from the chamber 26 to the upper part of the chamber 18 and thus to the passage 17 and injector nozzle. A spring 31 assists in closing the valve and also in forcing the piston 21 downwardly so as to close the valve 22. The spring rests against a plug 32 which is screwed into the top of the chamber 26 closing an opening through which the valve 29, piston 21 and valve 22 are introduced. The piston has the upward extension 33 which engages the bottom of the valve 29 so that the valve 29 is lifted with any upward movement of the piston 21.

In the operation of the device when the fuel is turned into the conduit 20, the pressure of the fuel acting on the piston 21 lifts the piston and with it the air valve 29. The air is thus admitted to the chamber 15. As the fuel accumulates with successive actions of the pump or other forcing devices under the piston 21, the further lifting of the p 1ston 21 brings the shoulder 25 in contact with the valve 22 and lifts the valve 22 so that fuel is delivered through the passage 16. In this way it will be observed that the admission of air is automatically controlled by the fuel pressure and as soon as the fuel pressure drops through cutting off the fuel both the valves 22 and 29 are closed through the action of the spring 31. In the opening of the valves, the air valve is opened first and this is desirable in that the air prevents an undue accumulation of liquid in the chamber 15 and injector nozzle. By the use of these devices, different cylinders may be cut out by simply controlling the fuel, the fuel automatically taking care of the air.

What I claim as new is 1. In a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, the combination of an injector nozzle; normally closed conduits for the elements forming the combustible mixture; devices actuated by the pressure of one of said elements controlling the admission of the other of said elements to said nozzle; and a valve controlling the flow of mixture through the nozzle.

2. In a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, the combination of an injector nozzle; normally closed conduits for the elements formin the combustible mixture; devices actuated by the pressure of one of said elements controlling the admission of both of said elements to the nozzle; and a valve controlling the fiow of mixture through the nozzle.

3. In a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, the combination of an injector nozzle; normally closed conduits for the elements forming the combustible mixture; devices actuated by the pressure of one of said elements controlling the admission of both of said elements to the nozzle, with one of said elements in advance of the other; and a valve controlling the flow of mixture through the nozzle.

4. In a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, the combination of a nozzle; a normally closed air conduit leading to the nozzle; :1 fuel conduit leading to the nozzle: devices controlled by the fuel for controlling the air; and a valve controlling the flow of mixture through the nozzle.

5. In a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, the combination of a nozzle; a normally closed air conduit leading to the nozzle; :1 fuel conduit leading to the nozzle;

a valve controlling the air conduit; means actuated by the fuel pressure controlling said valve; and a valve controlling the flow of mixture through the nozzle.

(3. In a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, the combination of a nozzle; a normally closed air conduit leading to the nozzle; a fuel conduit leading to the nozzle; devices actuated by the fuel pressure controlling the air and fuel conduits, said devices when actuated opening the air conduit in advance of the fuel conduit; and a valve controlling the flow of mixture through the nozzle.

7. In a fuel injector for internal combustion engines. the combination of a nozzle; a normally closed air conduit leading to the nozzle; a fuel conduit leading to the nozzle; an air valve controlling the air conduit; a fuel valve controlling the fuel conduit; devices actuated by the fuel pressure actuating said valves; and a valve controlling the flow of mixture through the nozzle.

8. In a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, the combination of a nozzle; an air conduit leading to the nozzle; a fuel conduit leading to the nozzle; a normally closed air valve controlling the air conduit; a fuel valve controlling the fuel conduit; devices actuated by the fuel pressure actuating said valves with the air valve in advance of the fuel valve; and a valve controlling the flow of mixture through the nozzle.

9. In a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, the combination of a nozzle; an air conduit leading to the nozzle; a fuel conduit leading to the nozzle; a chamber through which the fuel passes; a piston in said chamber; a normally closed air valve in axial alinement with the piston controlling the air conduit, said air valve being actuated by said piston; and a valve controlling the flow of mixture through the nozzle.

10. In a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, the combination of a nozzle; an air conduit leading to the nozzle; a fuel conduit leading to the nozzle: a chamber through which the fuel passes; a piston in said chamber; a normally closed air valve in axial alinement with the piston controlling the air conduit, said air valve being actuated by said piston; a valve controlling the fuel conduit, said fuel valve being actuated by said piston; and a valve controlling the flow of mixture through the nozzle.

11. In a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, the combination of a nozzle; an air conduit leading to the nozzle: a fuel conduit leading to the nozzle; a chamber through which the fuel passes: a piston in said chamber; a normally closed air valve in .axial alinement with the piston controlling the air conduit, said air valve being actuated by said piston; a, valve controlling my hand in the presence of two subscribing the fuel conduit, said fuel valve being acwitnesses. tuated by said piston, the air valve loeing actuated by said piston in advance of the fuel WALTER BROWN 5 valve; and a valve controlling the flow of Witnesses:

mixture through the nozzle. B. M. HARTMAN,

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set H. C. LORD. 

